Category Archives: astronomy

Skywatch: Interstellar comet on track to pass by sun

Multiple Mauna Kea observatories have been closely observing 3I/ATLAS, an interstellar comet that originated from beyond our solar system. This remarkable object was discovered by the ATLAS survey telescope in Chile. Notably, 3I/ATLAS is only the third known object confirmed to have come from interstellar space — hence the “3I” designation in its name. (The first known interstellar object, ‘Oumuamua, was discovered and named in Hawaii.)

Throughout the summer, several observations of 3I/ATLAS were conducted from Mauna Kea. However, in November, the comet will pass too close to the Sun for ground-based observatories to study it effectively. Fortunately, 3I/ATLAS will become visible again in December, allowing astronomers to continue their study of this fascinating visitor from outer space. Eventually, the comet will leave our solar system, never to return.

For more information, visit: [gemini.edu/news/press-releases/noirlab2522](https://gemini.edu/news/press-releases/noirlab2522)

### Special Events

Through November, the spectacular Leonids meteor shower will light up our night skies with shooting stars. These meteors originate from the tail of comet Tempel-Tuttle, a periodic comet that last passed through Earth’s orbit in 1998. The peak of the Leonids shower will occur on November 17-18, during which observers may see up to 10 meteors per hour.

### Evening Observing

Near the center of the sky, look for **Kalupeakawelo**, also known as the “Kite of Kawelo.” This is one of the four great navigational starlines identified by the Polynesian Voyaging Society. At the heart of this starline lies the famous **Great Square of Pegasus**, symbolizing the body of a kite flying high overhead.

To the north of the Great Square are the “W” shape of **‘Iwakeli‘i** and the houselike shape of **Kamo‘i**. The starline also connects with some of the brightest stars visible in the southern fall sky.

According to legend, Kawelo was a Kauai chief and hero known for excelling in many athletic competitions. In a kite-flying contest with his cousin, Kauahoa, Kawelo skillfully twisted, turned, and leapt his kite, causing both kites to become entangled. Kauahoa’s kite string broke and was carried away by the wind. Although Kawelo feared punishment from his larger cousin, Kauahoa instead blamed the wind. Spectators interpreted this event as a sign of Kawelo’s supernatural power.

### Morning Observing

Before sunrise, behind Jupiter, you can observe the Milky Way along with the navigational star family called **Kekaomakali‘i**, known as the “Bailer of Makali‘i.”

Enjoy the wonders of the night sky this season!
https://www.staradvertiser.com/2025/10/26/hawaii-news/skywatch/skywatch-interstellar-comet-on-track-to-pass-by-sun/

AI reveals Martian winds can reach speeds of up to 160 kmph

Winds and swirling dust devils on Mars can reach speeds of up to 160 km/h, much faster than scientists once believed.

An international research team, led by the University of Bern, Switzerland, used advanced machine learning techniques to analyze images captured by the Bernese Mars camera CaSSIS and the HRSC stereo camera. Their findings provide valuable data that will help researchers better understand how the Martian atmosphere works.

Even though Mars has an extremely thin atmosphere, it still experiences winds that play a key role in shaping its climate and moving dust around the planet. While winds themselves cannot be seen in images, dust devils stand out clearly.

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https://www.mid-day.com/news/world-news/article/ai-reveals-martian-winds-can-reach-speeds-of-up-to-160-kmph-23598418

What makes the total solar eclipse in 2028 special?

What Makes the Total Solar Eclipse in 2028 Special?

By Dwaipayan Roy | October 5, 2025 | 6:42 PM

On July 22, 2028, a spectacular total solar eclipse will sweep across Australia and New Zealand, capturing the attention of skywatchers and eclipse chasers alike. This event will be particularly special for Sydney residents, as it will be the first time since 1857 that a total solar eclipse will be visible from the city.

Eclipse Path and Duration

The Moon’s shadow will cover a path approximately 230 kilometers wide, with totality lasting over five minutes in some areas. The eclipse will begin at sunrise over the Indian Ocean, passing over the Cocos and Christmas Islands. It will then traverse mainland Australia—crossing Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland, and New South Wales—before reaching New Zealand across the Tasman Sea.

The point of maximum totality, lasting about 5 minutes and 10 seconds, will occur near the Drysdale River in Western Australia.

Overall Eclipse Details

The entire total solar eclipse will last approximately 2 hours and 49 minutes from first landfall to last contact, covering a distance of nearly 12,000 kilometers. An estimated 6.3 million people will be located within the path of totality.

Popular viewing locations where eclipse enthusiasts are expected to gather include Direction Island and South Point on the Cocos Islands, Scott Reef in the Indian Ocean, and Lamarck Island in Australia.

Viewing Conditions and Weather

In Sydney, observers can expect a totality duration of around 3 minutes and 44 seconds. However, weather will play a crucial role in eclipse visibility. For instance, areas like Kununurra have experienced cloud cover on July 22 about 11% of the time since 2000, while Bungle Bungles and Karlu Karlu have seen similar cloud cover rates of approximately 10% and 23%, respectively.

Upcoming Solar Eclipses After 2028

Alongside the total solar eclipse on July 22, 2028, a partial solar eclipse will also be visible across Australia, New Zealand, and parts of Southeast Asia.

Looking ahead, several total solar eclipses will follow in the coming years, with dates set for:

  • November 25, 2030
  • November 14, 2031
  • March 30, 2033
  • March 20, 2034
  • September 2, 2035
  • July 13, 2037
  • December 26, 2038

Mark your calendars and prepare for an unforgettable celestial event in 2028!

https://www.newsbytesapp.com/news/science/mark-calendars-total-solar-eclipse-to-darken-australia-new-zealand/story

Delhi To Mumbai In 72 Seconds: NASA Probe Breaks Physics At 687,000 KMPH!

**NASA’s Parker Solar Probe Sets New Speed Record Racing Through the Sun’s Corona**

Millions of kilometres from Earth, NASA’s Parker Solar Probe is hurtling through the Sun’s blistering heat at an unprecedented speed. This remarkable spacecraft has ventured closer to the Sun than any before and recently reached a record-breaking speed of 687,000 kilometres per hour— the fastest speed ever achieved by a spacecraft.

**Recent Solar Encounter**

Between September 10 and 20, 2025, the Parker Solar Probe completed its latest solar encounter, marking its fourth major flyby. During this time, it passed through the Sun’s corona, the outermost layer of its atmosphere. On September 18, the probe sent a signal back to Earth confirming that all systems were functioning normally, bringing great relief to scientists monitoring the mission.

Throughout the solar encounter, the Parker Solar Probe maintained its incredible speed of 687,000 km/h—a pace it previously reached in December 2024, as well as in March and June 2025. This speed is equivalent to travelling nearly 190 kilometres every second, a feat unmatched by any other object in the universe.

**Mission to Unravel the Sun’s Mysteries**

Launched in 2018, the Parker Solar Probe’s mission is to explore the Sun by effectively “touching” it. As it traverses the corona, the probe gathers crucial data on solar phenomena such as solar wind, solar flares, and coronal mass ejections. These events heavily influence space weather and can disrupt satellites, damage power grids, and pose risks to astronauts.

Each dataset collected by the Parker Solar Probe contributes to safeguarding our technological future by improving our understanding of these powerful solar events.

**Scientific Instruments and Data Collection**

Equipped with four scientific instruments, the probe continuously measures the energy emitted from the Sun’s surface. This data is particularly vital now, as the Sun is in the active phase of its 11-year cycle, characterized by frequent solar flares and intense solar winds. The information Parker collects is especially valuable for scientists studying solar activity and its effects on space weather.

**Preparing for the Next Mission**

Already, the spacecraft is gearing up for its next mission phase expected after 2026. NASA anticipates that detailed scientific data from the recent encounter will begin arriving on Earth in the last week of September 2025. This information will deepen our understanding of the Sun’s immense power and help make future missions to the Moon and Mars safer for astronauts and equipment alike.

Stay tuned as NASA’s Parker Solar Probe continues to push the boundaries of space exploration and unlock the secrets of our nearest star.
https://www.news18.com/world/delhi-to-mumbai-in-72-seconds-nasa-probe-breaks-physics-at-687000-kmph-ws-dkln-9593302.html

Saturn to appear closest to Earth tomorrow: How to watch

**Saturn to Appear Closest to Earth Tomorrow: How to Watch**

*By Dwaipayan Roy | Sep 20, 2025, 04:20 PM*

**What’s the Story?**

Tomorrow, Saturn will reach opposition, making it the brightest and largest it will appear in the night sky. Opposition occurs when Earth aligns directly between Saturn and the Sun, forming a straight line. At this time, Saturn is fully illuminated by sunlight and appears especially prominent. This celestial event happens once every 378 days.

**When and Where to See Saturn**

If you’re in Delhi, Saturn will be visible from 6:24 PM tomorrow until 6:15 AM the following day. The Moon will be in its new phase during the night of opposition, providing a dark sky with minimal light interference.

Saturn will rise in the east around sunset and set in the west at dawn, making it visible throughout the night. To locate Saturn and other planets easily, stargazers can use online tools like [stellarium-web.org](https://stellarium-web.org).

**Tips for the Best Viewing Experience**

To get the best view of Saturn:

– Choose a location away from artificial light sources.
– Allow your eyes 15-30 minutes to adjust to the dark.
– If using a flashlight, opt for a red light to preserve night vision.

Saturn will be visible in the constellation Pisces and bright enough to see with the naked eye. Using binoculars or a telescope will reveal more intricate details, including the stunning rings.

**Understanding Saturn’s Ring Brightening: The Seeliger Effect**

Around the time of opposition, Saturn’s rings exhibit a brightening phenomenon known as the Seeliger effect. This occurs when sunlight reflects directly off the ring particles, reducing shadows and making the rings appear more luminous. This effect is most noticeable in the days surrounding opposition.

Even if weather or other conditions are not ideal tomorrow, Saturn will remain bright and well-positioned in the night sky for several days, giving ample opportunity for observation. Don’t miss this spectacular celestial event!
https://www.newsbytesapp.com/news/science/saturn-to-reach-opposition-on-september-21-how-to-watch/story